Can narcissism be cured: what science says

We all know someone who loves being the center of attention, right? But sometimes, this “I love being noticed” attitude crosses into a whole different realm: the person behaves as if the entire world exists solely for them. Criticism feels like a knife to the heart, others’ emotions are pushed aside, and the desire to be the best becomes almost obsessive.
This goes beyond mere egocentrism; it’s what psychologists refer to as narcissistic traits. In its extreme form, it can develop into a (NPD) – a condition where the need for admiration, recognition, and control completely shapes a person’s behavior.
This raises a question that many ponder: can this be “cured”?
Most experts agree: is not like the flu, which can be treated with a course of pills. But there is hope.
The thing is, narcissistic traits are not just about “arrogance.” Behind the facade of self-confidence often lies a fragile self-esteem, a deep sense of shame, or a fear of being insignificant. A person compensates for this by striving to appear flawless. Thus, the essence of therapy is not to shatter this “mask,” but to help understand why it’s needed and what lies beneath it.
Psychotherapists say: change is possible, but it’s slow.
For instance, cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) helps individuals recognize and alter distorted thoughts – like “if I’m not the best, then I’m nobody.” The psychodynamic approach goes even deeper – it teaches individuals to examine their own , acknowledge weaknesses, and notice how childhood traumas affect current relationships.

There are even cases where patients diagnosed with NPD no longer met the criteria for the disorder after several years of therapy. A 2024 study reported that eight such individuals underwent intensive therapy, and all showed significant improvement, according to Science Alert. While this may seem like a small number, it’s an important sign for science: change is possible.
The challenge lies elsewhere: most narcissists don’t see the point in changing. They come to therapy not because “there’s something wrong with me,” but because “others don’t appreciate me properly.” This complicates the process – to heal, one must acknowledge that a problem exists.
A study from Germany involving over two thousand patients found that the higher the level of narcissism, the harder it is to establish a connection with the therapist, and the slower the improvement. A person may argue, compete, and insist that “everything is fine with them” – and only gradually, step by step, learn to be vulnerable without the fear of losing face.
But therein lies the key. Successful therapy for a narcissist doesn’t start with someone “breaking” them or convincing them. It begins the moment a person can sincerely say for the first time: “I’m hurting.” And not run away from that feeling.
Gradually, empathy emerges, the need to constantly compete fades, and self-esteem becomes more stable. This doesn’t mean that a former narcissist will suddenly turn into a saint, but they can learn to see the world not just through the lens of their own “self.”
Science doesn’t promise miracles. Narcissism isn’t “cured” in the traditional sense, but it can be softened. Sometimes to the extent that a person becomes capable of deep, genuine relationships.
So if you’re dealing with a narcissist, don’t expect an instant transformation. But if this person truly wants to change, if they’re willing to work and trust – there’s a chance. And that, as therapists say, is already half the battle.
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